Construction and evaluation of ion-selective electrodes for potassium and calcium with a summing operational amplifier. Application to wine analysis |
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| Authors: | R Pérez-Olmos A Rios R A S Lapa and J L F C Lima |
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| Institution: | (1) Departamento de Química Analítica, Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Industrial, E-48012 Bilbao, Spain, ES;(2) CEQUP Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Faculdade de Farmacia, P-4050 Porto, Portugal, PT |
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| Abstract: | Electrodes selective to potassium and calcium with improved senstivity were constructed like conventional electrode (ISEs),
but used an operational amplifier to sum the potentials supplied by the four membranes (ESOAs). The results obtained during
the evaluation of their working characteristics were compared to those obtained by conventional ISEs and were found to be
similar, but with higher precision. The electrodes were used in the potentiometric determination of potassium, calcium and
magnesium in wines. The results given by ESOAs were more precise than those from ISEs. The results obtained by potentiometry
were in good agreement with those from AES for potassium and AAS for calcium and magnesium.
Received: 27 June 1997 / Revised: 29 September 1997 / Accepted: 3 October 1997 |
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