Epicatechin,procyanidins, and phenolic microbial metabolites after cocoa intake in humans and rats |
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Authors: | Mireia Urpi-Sarda Maria Monagas Nasiruddin Khan Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos Celestino Santos-Buelga Emilio Sacanella Margarida Castell Joan Permanyer Cristina Andres-Lacueva |
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Institution: | 1.Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA. INSA. Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain;2.Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic. Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS),University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain;3.Laboratory of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy,University of Salamanca,Salamanca,Spain;4.Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain |
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Abstract: | Proanthocyanidins, flavonoids exhibiting cardiovascular protection, constitute a major fraction of the flavonoid ingested
in the human diet. Although they are poorly absorbed, they are metabolized by the intestinal microbiota into various phenolic
acids. An analytical method, based on an optimized 96-well plate solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure and liquid chromatography
tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) for the analysis of 19 phenolic microbial metabolites and monomeric and dimeric flavanols
in urine samples, was developed and validated. Human urine samples were obtained before and after ingestion of an acute consumption
of 40 g of soluble cocoa powder and rat urines before and after the prolonged administration (2 weeks) of different diets
composed of natural cocoa powder. The mean recovery of analytes using the new SPE-LC-MS/MS method ranged from 87% to 109%.
Accuracy ranged from 87.5% to 113.8%, and precision met acceptance criteria (<15% relative standard deviation). Procyanidin
B2 has been detected and quantified for the first time in human and rat urine after cocoa consumption. Changes in human and
rat urinary levels of microbial phenolic acids and flavanols were in the range of 0.001–59.43 nmol/mg creatinine and of 0.004–181.56 nmol/mg
creatinine, respectively. Major advantages of the method developed include reduction of laboratory work in the sample preparation
step by the use of 96-well SPE plates and the sensitive measurement of a large number of metabolites in a very short run time,
which makes it ideal for use in epidemiological studies.
a INGENIO-CONSOLIDER Program, Fun-c-food CSD2007-063
b CIBER 06003 Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), and RETICS RD06/0045/0003, Instituto de Salud Carlos III |
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Keywords: | Cocoa Epicatechin Procyanidin Microbial metabolites LC-MS/MS |
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