非平衡系统的概率模型及Master方程的建立

针对非平衡态统计中出现的非线性及多元线性Master方程,明确提出了一般的概率假定;应用概率论的方法建立了一般的非线性及多元线性Master方程;讨论了它们与宏观动力学方程的一致性问题;最后应用多元线性Master方程讨论了Brusselator的涨落,并对其耗散结构的产生作了初步解释。关键词：

THE STOCHASTIC MODELS FOR NON-EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS AND FORMULATION OF MASTER EQUATIONS

In this paper we present clearly a set of postulates on probabilities which are the basis of the nonlinear master equations and multivariate linear master equations appeared in non-equilibibrium statistical physics. By using the methods of probability theory, we deduced these master equations from our general postulates. We further discussed the conditions under which the master equations are consistent with the macroscopic kinetic equations. Finally, we discussed the fluctuation in Brusselator model using multivariate linear master equation approach and made a preliminary explanation on the appearance of dissipative structure through fluctuation.