Microwave-assisted synthesis of symmetric and asymmetric viologens |
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| Authors: | Massimiliano Lamberto Elizabeth E Rastede Françisco M Raymo |
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| Institution: | a Department of Chemistry, Medical Technology and Physics, Monmouth University, 400 Cedar Avenue, West Long Branch, NJ 07764, United States
b Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146-0431, United States |
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| Abstract: | Viologens are generally synthesized by N-alkylating 4,4′-bipyridine with alkyl halides. Under conventional heating conditions, however, their synthesis suffers from long reaction times and, often, low yields. In this work, symmetric and asymmetric viologens were synthesized under the assistance of microwave irradiation in good to excellent yields and in short reaction times. |
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