近红外光谱法快速测定植物油中脂肪酸含量

应用近红外光谱技术建立了快速测定植物油中4种脂肪酸含量的方法。应用气相色谱法测定52个植物油样品中棕榈酸(C16：0)、硬脂酸(C18：0)、油酸(C18：1)和亚油酸(C18：2)的含量作为其化学值(真值)。建模集样品数为41，检验集样品数为11，通过对模型的优化，结果表明建模样品集脂肪酸的化学值(真值)与近红外预测值的相关系数r分别为：r(C16：0)=0.891，r(C18：0)=0.837，r(C18：1)=0.982，r(C18：2)=0.971。检验样品集脂肪酸的化学值与近红外预测值的相关系数分别为0.921，0.891，0.946和0.949。实验结果表明气相色谱法测得的植物油中四种脂肪酸含量与近红外预测值之间存在较好的线性关系。应用近红外光谱法测定植物油中主要脂肪酸的含量是可行的。该方法既快速、方便，又可进行同一样品的多组分分析，有很好的应用前景。

The Rapid Analysis of Fatty Acids in Vegetable Oils by Near Infrared Spectrum

In this research, The functional components of vegetable oils were analyzed by near infrared (NIR) spectral technology. The optimum conditions of mathematics model of four components (C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C18 : 1, C18 : 2) were studied, including the sample set selection, chemical value analysis, the detection methods and condition. Chemical value was analyzed by HPLC. 52 samples were selected, 41 for modeling set and 11 for testing set. All samples were placed in 5mm thick sample pools and swept by near infrared (NIR) with discrimination factor 8 cm(-1) without any other disposal. Using PLS methods sated model. Data were processed by first derivative method and centering method. 5 000-9 000 cm(-1) spectral region was analyzed. Correlating index (r), RMSECV and RMSEP were chose as evaluation index. The result demonstrated that the correlation between the reference value of the modeling sample set and the near infrared predictive value were r(C16 : 0) = 0.891, r(C18 : 0) = 0.837, r(C18 : 1) = 0.982, r(C18 : 2) = 0.971, respectively. And the correlation between the reference value of the testing sample set and the near infrared predictive value were 0.921, 0.891, 0.946 and 0.949, respectively. It proved that the near infrared predictive value was linear with chemical value and the mathematical model established for components of vegetable oils was feasible. For validation, 8 unknown samples were selected to be analysis by infrared (NIR). The result demonstrated that error between predict value and chemical value was less than 10%. That was to say infrared (NIR) had a good veracity in analysis components of vegetable oil. Because infrared (NIR) spectral technology is convenient, rapid than HPLC in oil components analysis, moreover, infrared (NIR) can analyze many components at the same time. It must have great application prospect in vegetable oil components analysis.