Selenium and vitamin E concentrations in human milk and formula milk from Hungary |
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Authors: | I Sziklai-László D Majchrzak I Elmadfa and M á Cser |
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Institution: | (1) MTA KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute, H-1525 Budapest, P.O.Box. 49, Hungary;(2) Institute of Nutritional Sciences, A-1090 Vienna, Althanstr. 14, Austria;(3) Heim Pál Children’s Hospital, H-1089 Budapest, üllői Str. 86, Hungary |
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Abstract: | The metabolic roles of vitamin E and selenium are closely related, and to a very great extent, each can compensate for the
deficiency of the other. The aim of the study was to determine and compare the Se and vitamin E (α- and γ-tocopherol) contents
of breast milk and commercially available infant formulas in Hungary. The Se content was measured by instrumental neutron
activation analysis (INAA), while the α-, and γ-tocopherol concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC). The mean Se concentration was 17.4±2.8 μg/L in transitional and 13.8±2.3 μg/L in mature milk. It was found that, all
of the starter (ST), the follow-on (FO) and the specialized formulas (SF) had lower Se content than breast milk. Transitional
breast milk resulted in a higher Se intake (14 μg/day) than mature milk (11 μg/day). The daily Se intakes in Hungarian infants
were within the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) range. The natural vitamin E contents of human milk were similar during
the early and late lactation. Mature breast milk had 3.30±1.13 mg/L α-TE concentration and this was significantly higher than
that of in ST (1.98±1.57), and FO (1.77±0.78), or in SF ready to feed preparations (1.03±0.74). The present study suggests
that the formulas for the optimal development of young infants, should contain concentrations of these antioxidants on a level
which is comparable to that of the human milk. |
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