真菌鉴别和检测的SERS光谱技术研究进展

真菌是一种广泛存在于自然界的病原微生物,具有细胞核、细胞壁等结构,可以引起动、植物和人类的多种疾病.真菌感染是临床上常见的感染性疾病之一,使得近年来针对真菌的高效检测及真菌相关领域的研究备受关注.目前真菌的传统检测方法主要有培养、镜检与分子生物学检测法等,均具有操作复杂、耗时等缺点.表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术以其...

Research Progress in Identification and Detection of Fungi Based on SERS Spectroscopy

Fungi are a group of pathogenic microorganisms with nuclei and cell walls. They are widespread and cause a variety of diseases in animals, plants, and humans. Fungal infection is one of the most common clinical infectious diseases, making the efficient detection method and related research of fungi attract more attention in recent years. At present, fungi traditional detection methods mainly include culture, microscopy and molecular biology detection, which have the disadvantages of complex operation and time-consuming. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology has gradually played an important role in fungal detection and identification due to its advantages such as no interference from water, providing molecular fingerprint information and rapid detection. In this paper, based on the brief introduction of the structural characteristics and the common detection methods of fungi, Raman/SERS technology in the identification and detection of fungi was investigated and discussed. Firstly, through the analysis of the characteristics of Raman/SERS and the structure of fungi, according to the related references, the feasibility of SERS technology for fungal detection was analyzed. It was found that there are some problems in the detection of fungi by SERS, such as low sensitivity, complex signal, poor selectivity and specificity, poor signal reproducibility and stability. To solve these problems, the enhancement mechanism of SERS was analyzed. In particular, the review and prospect of the new advances in SERS analysis focused on the nano-enhanced medium materials of SERS, the signal amplification effect of SERS tag and the combination of SERS spectral microfluidic chip analysis technology. The selection of nanomaterials and the construction of nanostructures showed that the SERS enhancement effect produced by the SERS enhancement substrate has great potential in fungal identification and rapid diagnosis of clinical disease. Based on the SERS tag’s signal amplification mechanism, the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of fungal SERS detection can be greatly improved. More importantly, the design and integration of SERS nano-enhanced substrates on microfluidic chips and the construction of signal amplification strategy based on SERS tags are more likely to achieve high-throughput and high-content SERS detection of fungal samples, which shows great research value and application prospects in the identification and detection of fungi.