发育生物学中模式形成的力学模型

对所有多细胞生物体而言，其个体发育均涉及由初始的单个细胞开始，经过在时间和空间上细胞有序地增殖、凋亡、分化、迁移等诸多过程，并最终生成物种特异的生物模式.对模式形成的机制的探讨一直是发育生物学的中心课题.目前已就这个问题积累了大量的分子生物学、生物化学、数学、力学等多学科的研究数据并提出了一些模式形成的理论，然而，迄今为止，模式形成的真正机制仍然很不清楚而需进一步的深入探索.本文简要介绍了生物发育过程中模式形成的一些典型的力学模型，重点在于力学模型的建立及其模型本身的介绍，而对其数值模拟和具体应用很少涉及. 

MECHANICAL MODELS OF PATTERN FORMATIONS IN DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

The ontogeny of every multicellular organism involves the following developmental processes: Beginning with a single cell, biological cells will undergo proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration and other events orderly in a spatio- temporal developmental field, and finally come to different biological pattern formations. The investigation of the mechanism of pattern formation has been a central topic of developmental biology for a long time. It is an interdisciplinary problem and many researching data have been accumulated and some theories have been proposed from various points of view in science, such as molecular biology, biochemistry, mathematics, and mechanics. However, up to now, the actual mechanism is still a fascinating puzzle and need more studies. In this paper, we present a brief review on some typical mechanical models of pattern formations in developmental biology. We concentrate our attention just on the models themselves and how to construct them, but not on their computational simulations and detailed applications.