Quantitative study of filled rubber microstructure by optical and atomic force microscopy |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Koroleva str, 1, 614013, Perm, Russia;2. Perm State University, Bukireva str, 15, 614990, Perm, Russia;3. “R&D Center Intire” LLC, P.V. Buderkina str., b.2, 614018, Omsk, Russia;1. Institute of Launch Dynamics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing City 210094, China;2. College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing City 400044, China;1. Center for Membrane Technology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;2. Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, North Xisanhuan Road 27, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, China;1. Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, D-01069, Dresden, Germany;2. Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India;3. Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft, D-01062, Dresden, Germany;4. Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Textilmaschinen und Textile Hochleistungswerkstofftechnik, D-01069, Dresden, Germany;1. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China;2. International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), WMG, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK;3. Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering (South China University of Technology), Ministry of Education, China |
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| Abstract: | A comprehensive approach is proposed for studying the microstructure of filled rubbers by optical and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optical results are found to be dependent on the illumination angle. Algorithms based on the mathematical morphology are developed for the processing of optical images (removing scratches, identifying agglomerates). AFM-images are treated by a segmentation method which separates a continuous surface into segments that match filler. Parameters of secondary filler structures and the size of an area of homogeneous filler dispersion are obtained from the analysis of the segmented images. Seven carbon black filled rubbers with different mixing times are investigated. The combination of AFM with optical imaging techniques makes it possible to perform a quantitative structural analysis at scales from tens of nanometers to tens of microns, and to establish the relationship between the mixing time and the filler microstructure over the whole range of filler peculiarities. |
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| Keywords: | Filled rubber Microstructure Statistical analysis Optical microscopy AFM |
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