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Gum Tragacanth (GT): A Versatile Biocompatible Material beyond Borders
Authors:Mohammad Ehsan Taghavizadeh Yazdi  Simin Nazarnezhad  Seyed Hadi Mousavi  Mohammad Sadegh Amiri  Majid Darroudi  Francesco Baino  Saeid Kargozar
Abstract:The use of naturally occurring materials in biomedicine has been increasingly attracting the researchers’ interest and, in this regard, gum tragacanth (GT) is recently showing great promise as a therapeutic substance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. As a polysaccharide, GT can be easily extracted from the stems and branches of various species of Astragalus. This anionic polymer is known to be a biodegradable, non-allergenic, non-toxic, and non-carcinogenic material. The stability against microbial, heat and acid degradation has made GT an attractive material not only in industrial settings (e.g., food packaging) but also in biomedical approaches (e.g., drug delivery). Over time, GT has been shown to be a useful reagent in the formation and stabilization of metal nanoparticles in the context of green chemistry. With the advent of tissue engineering, GT has also been utilized for the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds applied for both hard and soft tissue healing strategies. However, more research is needed for defining GT applicability in the future of biomedical engineering. On this object, the present review aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview of GT in biomedicine and tries to open new horizons in the field based on its inherent characteristics.
Keywords:gum tragacanth  biomaterials  natural polymers  green chemistry  biomedical engineering  tissue engineering  wound healing
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