Studies on the extraction of sulfonamides from agricultural soils |
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Authors: | J. Raich-Montiu J. L. Beltrán M. D. Prat M. Granados |
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Affiliation: | 1. Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract: | The extraction of six sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfadimidine, sulfathiazole, sulfachloropiridazine, sulfadimethoxine, and sulfaquinoxaline) from soils with different physicochemical characteristics and at several aging times was investigated. Conventional mechanical shaking, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound probe-assisted extraction and pressurized liquid extraction techniques were evaluated. The four techniques provided similar results when applied to freshly contaminated soils. However, microwave-assisted extraction was the most suitable to extract sulfonamide aged residues from soils. Microwave-assisted extraction was applied to eight soils aged for 3 months, using acetonitrile:buffer pH 9 (20:80) as the extraction solvent, and recoveries ranged from 15–25% for STZ to 42–64% for SDM. |
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