Quantitative analysis of poly- and perfluoroalkyl compounds in water matrices using high resolution mass spectrometry: Optimization for a laser diode thermal desorption method |
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Authors: | Gabriel Munoz Sung Vo Duy Hélène Budzinski Pierre Labadie Jinxia Liu Sébastien Sauvé |
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Institution: | 1. Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, LPTC, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400 Talence, France;2. Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;3. CNRS, EPOC, UMR 5805, LPTC, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400 Talence, France;4. McGill University, Department of Civil Engineering, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0C3, Canada |
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Abstract: | An alternative analysis technique for the quantitation of 15 poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water matrices is reported. Analysis time between each sample was reduced to less than 20 s, all target molecules being analyzed in a single run with the use of laser diode thermal desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (LDTD/APCI) coupled with high resolution accurate mass (HRMS) orbitrap mass spectrometry. LDTD optimal settings were investigated using either one-factor-at-a-time or experimental design methodologies, while orbitrap parameters were optimized simultaneously by means of a Box–Behnken design. Following selection of an adequate sample concentration and purification procedure based on solid-phase extraction and graphite clean-up, the method was validated in an influent wastewater matrix. Environmentally significant limits of detection were reported (0.3–4 ng L−1 in wastewater and 0.03–0.2 ng L−1 in surface water) and out of the 15 target analytes, 11 showed excellent accuracies (±20% of the target values) and recovery rates (75–125%). The method was successfully applied to a selection of environmental samples, including wastewater samples in 7 locations across Canada, as well as surface and tap water samples from the Montreal region, providing insights into the degree of PFAS contamination in this area. |
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Keywords: | Perfluorinated Wastewater Laser diode thermal desorption High resolution accurate mass Orbitrap Experimental design |
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