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Convective instability of a water-vapor-saturated atmospheric layer. The formation of localized and periodic cloud structures |
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| Authors: | B Ya Shmerlin M V Kalashnik M B Shmerlin |
| Institution: | 1. Scientific and Production Association “Typhoon,”, Institute of Experimental Meteorology, Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249038, Russia 2. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 109017, Russia 3. Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, branch of “MEPhI” National Research Nuclear University, Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249040, Russia 4. Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Obninsk, Kaluga oblast, 249035, Russia |
| Abstract: | The classical Rayleigh problem of convective instability is generalized to the case of water vapor condensation in the atmosphere. We present an analytical solution demonstrating a fundamental difference between moist convection and Rayleigh convection: the curve of the critical Rayleigh number versus the number characterizing the intensity of condensation heat release consists of two parts, with spatially localized neutral solutions corresponding to one of them. Spatially periodic neutral solutions correspond to the second part of the curve; these are characterized by a significant localization of the regions of ascending motions. The theory describes the nucleation and development of individual convective clouds and ordered cloud structures. |
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