用蒙特卡洛方法研究冲击测温实验优化设计与不确定度评定

 讨论了使用蒙特卡洛方法研究冲击测温实验优化设计的问题。针对目前的实际条件，计算了10种典型设计对2 000~10 000 K温度区间进行探测的不确定度。综合分析给出了优化的实验设计所应考虑的因素，计算过程同时解决了冲击测温实验温度不确定度的评定问题。显示了蒙特卡洛方法在较复杂实验系统优化设计及不确定度评定方面的良好应用前景。

Experiment Designs and Uncertainty Assessments for Shock Temperature Measurements by Monte Carlo Method

In this paper, the Monte Carlo (MC) method was used to investigate the optimization of pyrometer design and the uncertainty assessment for shock-induced temperature measurements. The statistic T_90%, which was defined by p{|T－T_true|>T_90%}=0.1, was calculated for 10 kinds of designs, and each case was simulated 2×10⁵ times to make the statistical sample. Four conclusions are presented: (1) Using more channels in a pyrometer can surely, but slightly improves the measurement accuracy of shock-induced temperature. (2) In the most case, measurement accuracy evidently depends on the accuracy of each channel. Generally, when the channel uncertainty is reduced from 10% to 5%, the experimental accuracy can be increased by over 150%. (3) The measurement accuracy also obviously depends on the channel's wavelength range. (4) The measurement accuracy can be largely improved by using those wavelength channels at which the difference of the radiation energy measured is as large as possible.