N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed nucleophilic aroylation of fluorobenzenes

In N-heterocyclic carbene (NHCs) catalyzed nucleophilic substitution of fluorobenzenes, fluoro groups are replaced by aroyl groups, which are derived from aromatic aldehydes. 1,3,4,5-Tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene is found to be an efficient catalyst. The catalyst loading can be reduced to 1 mol % without a significant decrease in the product yields. Polysubstituted benzophenones are synthesized from fluorobenzenes and benzaldehydes by the NHC-catalyzed aroylation.