实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的可控制光学四阱

提出了一种利用单光束照明二元π相位板与透镜组合系统实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的可控制光学四阱新方案.计算了四阱的光强分布，讨论了从光学四阱到双阱或到单阱的演化过程，并导出了四阱和双阱几何参数、光强分布、强度梯度及其曲率与光学透镜系统参数间的解析关系.研究表明，通过相对移动二元π相位板可实现光学四阱到双阱或到单阱的连续双向演化，获得了四阱或双阱间距与相位板移动距离的关系.该方案在超冷原子物理、冷分子物理、原子光学、分子光学和量子光学，甚至量子计算及信息处理等领域中有着广阔的应用前景. 关键词： 二元π相位板 可控制光学四阱 原子分子囚禁 原子光学

Controllable four-well optical trap for cold atoms or molecules

In this paper, we propose a novel scheme to build a controllable four-well optical trap for cold atoms or molecules by using an optical system of a binary π-phase plate and a lens illuminated by a plane light wave. We calculate the intensity distribution of the four-well optical trap, and discuss the evolution process of the optical trap from four wells to two wells or form four wells to a single well, and derive some analytical relations between the characteristic parameters of the four-well trap (including geometric parameters, intensity distribution, intensity gradients and their curvatures) and the parameters of the optical lens system. Our study shows that our four-well trap can be continuously changed into a double-well one or a single-well one by moving the π-phase plate, and the relation between the distance of the trapping centers of the four wells or two wells and the moving distance of the π-phase plate is obtained by data fitting. So our four-well trap scheme has important and wide potential aplications in the fields of ultracold atomic physics, cold molecular physics, atom optics, molecule optics and quantum optics,and even in the fields of quantum calculation and information processing, and so on.