我国主要育珠贝(蚌)贝壳珍珠层及珍珠的激光拉曼光谱研究

本文对我国四种主要育珠贝(蚌)贝壳珍珠层拉曼光谱进行了系统研究,结果表明1)大珠母贝贝壳珍珠层中未观察到有机质的任何拉曼峰;2)三角帆蚌及马氏珍珠贝贝壳珍珠层及其养殖珍珠的拉曼光谱中除由文石矿物引起的拉曼峰外,还可观察到明显的由全反式结构的类胡罗卜素引起的拉曼峰,根据其峰位推断分子中的CC双键的数目为10;3)企鹅珍珠贝贝壳珍珠层的拉曼光谱中可观察到较复杂的有机质的拉曼峰,推测可能是由金属卟啉化合物引起的,但尚需进一步工作证实;4)珍珠层中类胡罗卜素及金属卟啉类化合物的相对浓度与珍珠层的颜色密切相关.贝壳珍珠层中有机质的拉曼光谱研究可为珍珠漂白及在食品、化妆品等领域的应用提供科学的依据.

Raman Spectra of Nacre from Shells of Main Pearl-culturing Mollusk in China

The Raman spectra of nacre and cultured pearl from main pearl-culturing mollusks in China have been studied systematically in this paper.It shows that:1) the Raman bands caused by organic matrix have not been observed in nacre from shell of pinctada maxima;2) in nacre from shell of pinctada martensii and hyriopsis cumingii,besides the bands caused by aragonite mineral,two bands resulted from all-trans carotenoid are obviously observed,and the number of CC double bonds in molecular of this carotenoid is predicted to be 10 based on the position of its Raman bands;3) a number of complicated bands are observed in nacre from shell of peteria penguin,and we predicted that this bands perhaps are caused by metalloporphyrin compounds;4) the relative concentrations of carotenoid and metalloporphyrin in nacre are closely associated with the color of nacre.The Raman spectra research on organic matrix in nacre and cultured pearl provides insight into the applications of them in cosmetics and food,as well as in application of pearl bleaching.