紫外线照射对大黄鱼精子遗传失活和受精能力的影响

用不同剂量的紫外线照射处理大黄鱼精子，然后与正常的大黄鱼卵子受精．紫外线照射时间为1～8min，实验结果表明：紫外线照射对大黄鱼的受精率、早期胚胎成活率、孵化率和幼体畸形率均影响显著；受精率、早期胚胎成活率和孵化率随着紫外线照射时间增加而下降，1min、2min、4min、6min和8min紫外线照射下受精率和早期胚胎成活率分别为45．8％、36、6％、37．2％、29．3％、26．7％及56．1％、45、9％、40．1％、31．1％、27．1％；对照组的受精率和早期胚胎成活率分别为44．3％和55．4％，精子遗传失活的Hertwig效应不明显；幼体孵化率最高为1min组（44．9％），最低为8min组（26．2％）；幼体畸形率随紫外线照射时间增加而增加，1min和2min处理组幼体畸形率较低，说明此时精子没有完全遗传失活；6min和8min组幼体畸形率为100％，说明该剂量紫外线可使大黄鱼精子完全遗传失活。

Effect of Ultraviolet on Genetic Inactivity and Fertilization of Large Yellow Croaker Pseudosciaena crocea

Spermatozoa of large yellow croaker （Pseudosciaena crocea） were exposed to UV, and then their eggs were fertilized. Treatment of UV lasted for 1-8min. The results are found as follows： the effects of UV treatment on fertilization, survivorship of early embryos, hatching rates and larvae abnormality of P. crocea are noticeable. The rates of fertilization, survivorship of early embryos and hatching rates decrease along with the increase of UV irradiation duration. The rates of fertilization and survivorship of early embryos under UV irradiation treatment duration 1 min, 2 min, 4 min, 6 min and 8 min are 45.8%, 36.6%, 37.2%, 29.3%, 26.7% and 56.1%, 45.9%, 40. 1%, 31.1%, 27.1%, respectively. The rates of fertilization and survivorship of early embryos of control group are respectively 44.3% and 5.4%. Genetic inactivity of sperm does not conform with effect of Hertwig; The highest hatching rate occurred in I min group （44.9%） and lowest in 8min group （26.2%）; The rates of abnormality increase with the increase of UV irradiation duration. The rates of abnormality of l min and 2min were lower, indicating sperms did lose genetic activity entirely. The rates of abnormality of 6min and 8min were 100%, indicating the sperms of P.crocea lost genetic actively completely.