Effect of reduction temperature on a spray-dried iron-based catalyst for slurry Fischer–Tropsch synthesis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 165, Taiyuan 030001, PR China;2. College of Material Science & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, PR China;3. Department of Physics of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China;1. Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, Kentucky 40511, USA;2. NASA Glenn Research Center, 21000 Brookpark Rd., Cleveland, Ohio 44135, USA;1. Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy;2. Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre, Italy;3. Centro Microscopia Elettronica “Giovanni Stevanato”, Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre, Italy;4. Engler-Bunte-Institute, Fuel Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 3, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany;1. Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar;2. Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia;3. Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;4. Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, United States;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;2. CSIRO Energy, ARRC, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia;1. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;2. CAS Key Lab of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201210, China;3. School of physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China |
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| Abstract: | An industrial iron-based catalyst (100Fe/5Cu/6K/16SiO2, by weight) was characterized after reduction at different temperatures and after Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) in a stirred tank slurry reactor (STSR). The BET surface area and pore volume of the catalyst decreases with increasing reduction temperature, and the contrary trend was found for pore size. The iron phase compositions of catalysts reduced with syngas were strongly dependent on pretreatment conditions employed. Pretreatment with syngas at lower temperature prevents iron catalyst activation. Carburization was intensified with the increase in reduction temperature. The formation of iron carbides in reduced catalyst was necessary for obtaining stable high FTS activity. The relationship between the amount of CO2 in tail gas during activation and the Fe3+ (spm) content in the reduced catalyst was observed. The rapid carburization at high reduction temperature resulted in the formation of a superparamagnetic Fe3+ core and an iron carbide layer of the reduced catalyst. FTS activity decreased with the increase in the reduction temperature, but the stability distinctly improved. It was found that the working catalyst loss in the heavier waxy products resulted in higher deactivation rate of the catalyst reduced at lower temperature. With the increase in the reduction temperature, the product distribution shifted towards the lower molecular weight products. |
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