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Hydrogen bubble dynamic template synthesis of porous gold for nonenzymatic electrochemical detection of glucose
Institution:1. Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;2. Department of Nanomedicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;1. Laboratory of Integrated Systems, EPFL — École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Biosensors Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5-00185 Roma, Italy;3. Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Abstract:Gold (Au) films with open interconnected macroporous walls and nanoparticles have been successfully sculptured using the hydrogen bubble dynamic template synthesis followed by a galvanic replacement reaction. Copper (Cu) films with open interconnected macroporous walls and nanoparticles were synthesized using the electrochemically generated hydrogen bubbles as a dynamic template. Then through a galvanic replacement reaction between the porous Cu sacrificial templates and KAu(CN)2 in solution, the porous Cu films were converted to porous Au films with the similar morphologies. Additional electrochemical dealloying process was introduced to remove the remaining Cu from the porous Au films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical methods were adopted to characterize the porous Au films. The resulted porous Au films show excellent catalytic activity toward the electrooxidation of glucose. A nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on those Au film electrodes shows a linear range from 2 to 10 mM with a sensitivity of 11.8 μA cm?2 mM?1, and a detection limit of 5 μM.
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