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Surfaces in 4-manifolds and their mapping class groups
Authors:Susumu Hirose  Akira Yasuhara
Affiliation:a Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
b Department of Mathematics, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikita 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
Abstract:A surface in a smooth 4-manifold is called flexible if, for any diffeomorphism ? on the surface, there is a diffeomorphism on the 4-manifold whose restriction on the surface is ? and which is isotopic to the identity. We investigate a sufficient condition for a smooth 4-manifold M to include flexible knotted surfaces, and introduce a local operation in simply connected 4-manifolds for obtaining a flexible knotted surface from any knotted surface.
Keywords:4-dimensional manifold   Mapping class group   Knotted surface
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