Synthesis of allyl-transition metal complexes by phase transfer catalyzed reactions of metal carbonyl halides: III. Considerations of the mechanisms

Mechanisms are proposed for the hydroxide ion-initiated reactions of metal carbonyl halides which lead to allyl-transition metal complexes under phase transfer conditions. Evidence is presented for intermediate anionic metallocarboxylic acids in reactions leading to η³-allyl products of molybdenum, iron, ruthenium and manganese, whereas η¹ complexes are shown to result from halide displacement reactions in which simple metal carbonyl anions are generated. In some cases phosphorus-containing ligands inhibit the hydroxide-promoted reactions of metal carbonyl halides with allyl bromide; a rationale involving decreased acidity of the carbonyl ligands is presented. Syntheses of η³-C₃H₅Mn(CO)₃P(OCH₃)₃ and η³-C₃H₅Mn(CO)₂P(OCH₃)₃]₂ by phase transfer catalysis are also described.