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Exact closed‐form symbol error rate of arbitrary rectangular M‐QAM over Rayleigh fading for two‐branch transmit diversity |
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| Authors: | Hong‐Yu Liu Rainfield Y Yen |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Dahan Institute of Technology, No. 1, Shuren St, Dahan Village, Sincheng Township, Hualien County 97145, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, No. 151, Yingjhuan Rd, Danshuei Township, Taipei, County 25137, Taiwan, ROC |
| Abstract: | By using a ‘pre‐averaging method’, we successfully derive an exact closed‐form symbol error rate (SER) expression for the particular case of two transmit‐one receive antenna diversity system employing arbitrary rectangular M‐QAM signalling over flat Rayleigh fading. Fading between branches are assumed independent. Both identical and distinct branch powers are considered. The closed‐form SER obtained is in terms of elemental functions containing no unevaluated integrals nor lengthy and complicated transcendental functions. Simulation results show that square M‐QAM outperforms rectangular M‐QAM for a given size M. Monte Carlo simulation results are found in excellent agreements with theoretical results. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
| Keywords: | transmit diversity Rayleigh fading QAM symbol error rate fading channels antenna diversity space– time coding (STC) orthogonal space– time block code (OSTBC) |