Atenolol sequestration using activated carbon derived from gasified Glyricidia sepium |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia;2. School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia;3. Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, Arau, 02600 Perlis, Malaysia;4. National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM), Ministry of Environment and Water, Lot 5377, Jalan Putra Permai, 43300 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | Activated carbon (AC) derived from gasified Glyricidia sepium woodchip (GGSWAC) was prepared using KOH and CO2 activation via microwave radiation technique to remove atenolol (ATN) from aqueous solution. The surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (TPV) of GGSWAC were 483.07 m2/g and 0.255 cm3, respectively. The n-BET model fits well with the isothermal data indicating a multilayer adsorption with the saturation capacity of 121, 143 and 163 mg/g at 30, 45 and 60 °C, respectively. The kinetic study showed that ATN adsorption followed Avrami model equation (R2 ≅ 0.99). Based on the thermodynamic parameters, the adsorption of ATN onto GGSWAC was endothermic (ΔHS = 234.17 kJ/mol) in the first layer of adsorption and exothermic in the subsequent layer (ΔHL = −165.62 kJ/mol). The ATN adsorption was controlled by both diffusion and chemisorption. In continuous operation, the Thomas (R2 = 0.9822) and Yoon–Nelson (R2 = 0.9817) models successfully predicted the ATN adsorption. |
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| Keywords: | Adsorption Activated carbon Atenolol Multilayer adsorption |
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