酸雨对寺庙建筑物表面材料腐蚀的形态模拟研究

运用pH分别为5.0,4.0,3.0的人工模拟酸雨和pH=7.0的去离子水对寺庙建筑物材料青瓦、琉璃瓦、汉白玉进行同步模拟降雨侵蚀实验,在模拟降雨量累积达到540 mm之后,测定各模拟雨水的矿化度;将模拟建材样品风干经抽真空和喷金导电处理,用日立X-650型扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测建筑物表面特征.实验结果表明: 酸雨对琉璃瓦有釉漆的一面几乎不会产生腐蚀,对汉白玉的腐蚀大一些,对青瓦的腐蚀程度最大,尤其是在pH≤4.0时,腐蚀过程明显加重.故控制城市区域高浓度SO2的排放,减少强酸性酸雨的形成是保护城市建筑物及其人工生态系统平衡的重要措施.

SIMULATION RESEARCH ON EROSION OF TEMPLE STRUCTURE'S FACIAL MATERIALS BY ACID RAIN

A simulated precipitation erosion experiment is carried out by applying artificial acid rain with pH index of 5.0,4.0,and 3.0 simultaneously with deionized water onto structural materials of temples such as blue tiles,glazed color tiles,and white marbles until the simulated amount of rain has reached a threshold of 650 mm,after which the degree of mineralization for each categorical acid rain is measured;simulated material sample is processed by blow drying,vacuum pumping,auric spraying and electrifying,and the sample's facial characteristics is observed through Hitachi X-650 SEM(Scanning Electronic Microscope).Laboratory results indicate acid rain imposes almost no erosive effect on the lacquered side of glazed color tiles,a bit more erosion is found on white marbles,and maximized erosion on blue tiles of which the erosion process aggravates dramatically when pH index drops below or equal to 4.0.Therefore to curb the formation of intensive acid rain by controlling emission of high-concentration sulfur dioxide in urban area is a critical measure to preserve urban structures and maintain the equilibrium of artificial ecological system.