酯交换生物柴油的柱层析分离纯化与分析

以文冠果油通过酯交换法制备的粗生物柴油为原料,采用柱层析进行精制纯化,然后利用气相色谱、GC-MS、红外光谱和1 H核磁共振等分析产物的成分。粗油经柱层析分离出两个馏分:石油醚洗脱馏分(A1),主要是由文冠果油经酯交换反应得到的生物柴油,包括亚油酸甲酯、油酸甲酯等;甲醇洗脱馏分(A2)主要是甘油馏分,是油脂酯交换反应的副产物。结果表明:由柱层析进行分离纯化后,生物柴油的纯度由原来的77.51%提高到93.87%,生物柴油的回收率也高达91.04%;红外光谱和1 H核磁共振的分析结果进一步表明柱层析能够有效地提高生物柴油的纯度,为工业化纯化生物柴油提供了依据。

Column chromatography purification and analysis of biodiesel by transesterification

In the present paper, crude biodiesel prepared with sorbifolia oil as raw material by transesterification was purified by column chromatography, then the composition of biodiesel was analyzed by gas chromatography, FTIR, GC-MS and 1H NMR. Column chromatography can separate the crude biodiesel into two fractions: petroleum ether eluted fraction (A1) and methanol eluted fraction (A2). Petroleum ether eluted fraction was mainly biodiesel fraction, which was produced from sorbifolia oil by transesterification, including methyl linoleate, methyl cis-9-octadecenoate and so on; methanol eluted fraction was mainly glycerol fraction, which came from the side reaction of transesterification. The results show that the purity of refined biodiesel increased from 77.51% to 93.872, and the product recovery rate reached up to 91.04% after the purification by column chromatography. The results obtained by FTIR and 1H NMR further showed that the column chromatography can effectively improve the purity of biodiesel. This paper provides a basis for industrialization of purification of biodiesel.