炼油废水的荧光指纹特征

荧光有机物携带了有机物总量和组成信息,可作为新型水质参数来弥补COD和BOD等不能表达有机物组成的不足。炼油废水是典型的难降解工业废水,含有大量有毒化合物。我国某大型炼油企业废水的三维荧光光谱的研究结果表明,炼油废水的荧光光谱与水样一一对应;荧光强度很高,主要由λex/λem=270/300nm,220/300nm和230/350nm附近的荧光峰叠加而成,其中270/300nm的荧光强度最大,220/300nm稍弱;各峰的位置和荧光强度对于炼油废水是稳定的。炼油废水的荧光包含了产物和原料的信息。苯酚对270/300nm,220/300nm附近的荧光峰的荧光强度贡献显著,而二氯苯和苯等其他单环化合物对这两峰可能也有贡献。230/350nm附近的荧光峰可能与烷烃和苯有密切关系。各峰的位置和荧光强度可以作为炼油生产以及废水处理厂来水是否正常的判据。

Fluorescence fingerprint properties of refinery wastewater

Fluorescence organic matters contain the information about total amount and components of organic substances and could be treated as a novel water quality parameter to make up the ambiguity of COD and BOD about the pollutant composition. Refinery wastewater is a type of nonbiodegradable industrial wastewater containing a large number of toxic pollutants. The investigation on the excitation-emission matrixes of the wastewater from a large-scale refinery plant indicated that the matrix was unique for each sample; the fluorescence was intensive and was derived from the overlaps of fluorescence related to peaks at around lambda(ex)/lambda(em) = 270/300 nm, 220/300 nm and 230/350 nm. The intensity of 270/300 nm was the highest and that of 220/300 nm was the secondly highest. The location and intensities of peaks varied within small ranges. The fluorescence of the refinery wastewater contains information about products and raw materials. Phenol significantly contributed to the fluorescence intensity of 270/300 nm and 220/300 nm, and other compounds with one benzene ring such as dichlorobenzene and benzene contributed to the two peaks too. The fluorescence of 230/350 nm would be closely related to alkane and benzene. The location and intensity of peaks would be used to diagnose if the performance of the manufacturing processes and influent of treatment plant is proper.