An X-ray refractive lens comprising two sections cut from a gramophone record for a portable total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometer |
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Authors: | Shinsuke Kunimura Jun Kawai |
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Institution: | aDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan |
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Abstract: | An X-ray refractive lens is assembled from two sections cut from a gramophone record. The refractive lens is placed in a portable total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometer, and it is used for collimation of the incident X-ray beams. A TXRF spectrum measured with the refractive lens is compared with that measured with a waveguide. Compared with the refractive lens, the waveguide enhances the intensities of the X-rays illuminating an analyte. Therefore, fluorescent X-ray intensities increase when using the waveguide. On the other hand, the vertical angular divergence of the incident X-ray beams is smaller when using the refractive lens, and the smaller angular divergence results in a reduction of the scattering of the incident X-rays from a sample holder. Therefore, the spectral background is reduced when using the refractive lens, resulting in an increase of the signal to background ratios of the fluorescent X-rays. Detection limits for 3d transition metals obtained with the refractive lens are sub-nanograms to a few nanograms, and the detection limits are similar to those obtained with the waveguide. |
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Keywords: | Refractive lens Gramophone record Portable spectrometer Total reflection X-ray fluorescence |
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