General equivalent circuit of batteries and fuel cells

A general electrical circuit is described whose properties are analogous to those of fuel cells and batteries. It is shown how this equivalent circuit model can show the influence of changes in material parameters upon the output of such physical systems. As an example, the significance of the transference numbers of minority electronic and ionic charge carriers in the electrolyte on the output voltage of fuel cells and batteries is readily seen. Paper presented at the 6th Euroconference on Solid State Ionics, Cetraro, Calabria, Italy, Sept. 12–19, 1999.