Fluorescent and colorimetric immunoassay of nuclear matrix protein 22 enhanced by porous Pd nanoparticles

A modified ELISA realizing fluorescent and colorimetric immunoassay of nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP 22) was developed based on porous Pd nanoparticles. The unique structure and excellent enzyme mimetic activity of porous Pd nanoparticles favor to oxidize o-phenylenediamine (OPD) into 2,3-phenazinediamine (oxOPD) by H₂O₂, producing colorimetric and fluorescence dual-readout signal for the detection of NMP 22. The developed immunoassay method will offer great potential in clinical research and diagnostic applications.