结构优化中的建模方法概述

建立优化模型是结构优化前的最佳选择. 由于工程实际问题的复杂性, 很难建立显式表达的模型, 即使少数问题能够建立显式表达的模型, 也难以求解. 因此需要借助近似方法建立模型, 为了便于求解或提高求解效率, 通常还要对模型进行变换. 文中列举了结构优化中常用的近似建模方法, 并根据建立近似显式的途径和敏度分析的方法对其进行分类, 详细介绍了近几年来广泛应用的样本点构造方法, 然后描述了它们在结构优化中的应用和具体实现过程, 分析了它们的优缺点和应用范围, 指出了结构优化建模方法今后的发展方向. 

BRIEF REVIEW ON MODELING METHOD IN STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION

It is a good choice to establish an optimization model before a structural optimization. Due to the complexity of engineeringproblems, it is very difficult to construct an explicit expression ofstructural response in terms of design variables. Even though anexplicit model may be established for some problems, it would bedifficult to the problem with the model solve.Therefore, an approximation method is needed to establish an optimization modeland convert the model to a solvable one. This paper discusses some frequently used approximate modeling methods and classifies them accordingto modeling ways and methods of sensitivity analysis. The constructingmethods based on sample points, which are widely used in recently years, areintroduced in detail. Then the methods are described in applications andconcrete realization processes for structural optimizations. Advantage,disadvantage and applicable range of each method are analyzed and the trends of model establishing method for structural optimizationsin the future are pointed out.