超级电容器用含氮碳与含氮碳/炭气凝胶复合电极材料的制备和性能研究

采用原位聚合法合成聚苯胺(PAIN)及聚苯胺/炭气凝胶(PAIN/CA)复合材料,经过高温裂解制备含氮碳(NC)及含氮碳/炭气凝胶复合材料(NC/CA),再以KOH为活化剂对其进行活化,制备活化含氮碳(ANC)及活化含氮碳/炭气凝胶复合材料(ANC/CA)。采用扫描电镜、循环伏安、恒流充放电以及电化学阻抗等方法进行性能测试,结果表明,由于KOH的活化作用,含氮碳材料的粒径明显变小,其比电容值为138 F/g,高于未活化含氮碳材料(98 F/g),ANC/AC3复合材料电极的比电容值比ACA电极(88 F/g)高,达到127 F/g。

Preparation and Performance Study of Nitrogen-containing Carbon and Nitrogen-containing Carbon/Carbon Aerogels as Cathode Materials for Supercapacitors

Polyaniline (PANI) and polyaniline/carbon aerogels (PANI/CA) were synthesized by in situ polymerization, and pyrolyzed at high temperature to obtain nitrogen-containing carbon (NC) and nitrogen-containing carbon/carbon aerogels (NC/CA), then activated them with KOH as an activating agent. SEM, laser particle size analyzer, cyclic voltammetric experiments (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis was carried out in order to investigate their physical and electrochemical properties. The results showed that the particle diameters of activated nitrogen-containing carbon (ANC) became smaller owing to KOH activation, and its specific capacitance was 138 F/g, which was much higher than that of NC (98 F/g). The ANC/AC3 composites electrodes also exhibited higher specific capacitance of 127 F/g, in comparison with a value of 88 F/g for the ACA electrode.