纵观国际核聚变进展探讨中国核聚变发展的道路

纵观了国际核聚变发展的历史过程，认为托卡马克要成为工程可靠、经济上有竞争能力的一代商用能源，尚有待时日．但作为聚变中子源驱动次临界装置（聚变－裂变混合堆）可解决上述在聚变商用化以前大规模发展核裂变能的四个重要问题（生产核燃料、处理核废料、生产氛及处理军用钚）；保持技术发展的连续性．这种系统由于是次临界的，因而是被动的固有安全的，而且可做到深燃耗或高效率，可以成为我国大规模、可持续发展核能的重要方式，也是推动永久清洁能源─—聚变能发展的重要台阶．本文对国民经济发展过程中的能源需求作了预测，分析了国内外核聚变研究成果现状和发展趋势，对中国的聚变能源战略和历史机遇（经济、技术体系、地位）作了讨论，介绍了聚变－裂变混合堆并提出了发展聚变－裂变混合堆的总体设想、研究内容和预期目标． 

THE WAY OF THE DEVELOPMENT MAGNETIC FUSION ENERGY IN CHINA

The principal obstacle to the development of magnetic fusion energy as a commercialelectric power is the cost of the first devices. The potential impart of various "advanced tokamak"operating modes on power plant prospects has been studied. Several different classes of tokamakreactors are considered and the designs are optimized in term of cost of electricity (COE) via acoupled physics/engineering/costing code. The result has shown the prices of electricity is 70-130mill/kWh and higher than those of coal and APWR(Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor): 50-60mill/kWh beyond the year 2000. Fusion-fission hybrid reactors including spherical Tokamak-drivenhybrid reactors have been studied in China for many years. Most people realized that fusionenergy as commercial energy source is still decades away. The near-term usage of fusion energyfor transmutation of nuclear HLW (High Level Wastes) or RCNPS (Radioactivity Clean NuclearPower System), in which the core plasma parameters and fusion technology requirements is farless stringent, would be advantageous to the eventual development of fusion power as well. In thispaper included 1. Predicted the energy demand in China at the 2050 year. 2. Status of magneticfusion research. 3. Strategy for the development of fusion energy in China. 4. Fusion-Fissionhybrid reactor. 5. The Program of the Fusion-Fission hybrid reactor.