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Shape-Wilf-equivalences for vincular patterns
Authors:Andrew M Baxter
Institution:Penn State University Mathematics Dept., University Park, State College, PA 16802, United States
Abstract:We extend the notion of shape-Wilf-equivalence to vincular patterns (also known as “generalized patterns” or “dashed patterns”). First we introduce a stronger equivalence on patterns which we call filling-shape-Wilf-equivalence. When vincular patterns α and β   are filling-shape-Wilf-equivalent, we prove that α⊕σασ and β⊕σβσ must also be filling-shape-Wilf-equivalent. We also discover two new pairs of patterns which are filling-shape-Wilf-equivalent: when α, β, and σ   are nonempty consecutive patterns which are Wilf-equivalent, α⊕σασ is filling-shape-Wilf-equivalent to β⊕σβσ; and for any consecutive pattern α  , 1⊕α1α is filling-shape-Wilf-equivalent to 1?α1?α. These new equivalences imply many new Wilf-equivalences for vincular patterns.
Keywords:05A05  05A19
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