Rapid Multielement Analysis of Tree Bark by EDXRF

A rapid and simple method for multielement analysis of tree bark using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry has been developed. Sample preparation consisted of crushing tree bark into a fine powder prior to the production of pressed pellets. Limits of detection for elements of interest (Pb, Hg, Zn, Cu, Ni, Al, Sn, Fe, Cr, Mn, Ti, As, Cd, Sb, and Ag) were at or below the µg/g level. Analysis of environmental certified reference materials (fly-ash, soil and tea-leaves) was used to check accuracy and precision. Survey analysis was performed at industrial, urban and rural sites in diverse locations throughout the world. The potential for source apportionation was demonstrated as reflected in elevated levels of Pb (up to 12,300 µg/g) and Sb (up to 86 µg/g) near a lead smelter site (UK) and high concentrations of Hg (up to 4.2 µg/g) in gold extraction regions of Brazil.