Lorentz electron microscopy

This paper reviews the theory and practice of Lorentz electron microscopy in the investigations of magnetic domain structure. The transmission electron microscope, the necessary operational procedures and imaging theory required for Lorentz microscopy are described. Magnetization devices and other facilities that have been developed over the last two years to study domain magnetization in situ in the electron microscope are discussed. Results so far obtained on such materials as thin single crystals and polycrystals of ferromagnetic metals, magnetic oxides, evaporated and electrodeposited single crystal and polycrystal films, and whisker and single domain particles are reviewed. The methods available for preparing specimens in a suitable form for transmission electron microscopy are described.