Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices: mimicking condensed matter physics and beyond |
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| Authors: | Maciej Lewenstein Anna Sanpera Veronica Ahufinger Bogdan Damski Aditi Sen |
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| Institution: | 1. ICREA and ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques , E-08660 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain;2. ICREA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain;3. Theory Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , MS-B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;4. ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques , E-08660 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | We review recent developments in the physics of ultracold atomic and molecular gases in optical lattices. Such systems are nearly perfect realisations of various kinds of Hubbard models, and as such may very well serve to mimic condensed matter phenomena. We show how these systems may be employed as quantum simulators to answer some challenging open questions of condensed matter, and even high energy physics. After a short presentation of the models and the methods of treatment of such systems, we discuss in detail, which challenges of condensed matter physics can be addressed with (i) disordered ultracold lattice gases, (ii) frustrated ultracold gases, (iii) spinor lattice gases, (iv) lattice gases in “artificial” magnetic fields, and, last but not least, (v) quantum information processing in lattice gases. For completeness, also some recent progress related to the above topics with trapped cold gases will be discussed. Motto: |
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| Keywords: | Ultracold atomic and molecular gases Hubbard Models Disordered systems Frustrated systems Spinor gases Quantum information |
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