基于石墨烯的多维度材料构筑及性能研究进展

 石墨烯是碳原子以六角形密堆积形成的二维原子晶体,具有独特的物理化学性质,在电子器件、能源环境和生物医学等领域有着广阔的应用前景。石墨烯的可控制备和组装是其实现实际应用的前提条件。近年来,相继开发出一系列石墨烯自组装与结构调控的技术方法,得到了多种结构特异、组成丰富和性能独特的石墨烯基多维度结构。本文从水溶性的氧化石墨烯出发,综述从零维到三维一系列不同维度和尺度石墨烯的自组装行为和材料构筑策略。对石墨烯的不同组装结构进行系统分类,提出其多维度组装体系的概念。石墨烯的多维度组装体系,在微纳米尺度上包括零维度的石墨烯基纳米颗粒和一维的石墨烯纳米线,在宏观尺度上包括二维石墨烯薄膜和三维的宏观体结构,最后对相关研究领域的发展趋势进行了总结和展望,结合计算化学的相关结果,预测了一系列未开发的石墨烯自组装结构。

Graphene based multi-dimensional structures and their properties

The graphene is a single layer of carbon arranged in a honeycomb (hexagonal) lattice. The unique single layer structure endows this material with a series of extraordinary physicochemical properties, with promising applications in energy, environmental and biomedical sciences. The controllable production and assembly of the graphene is critical for practical applications. This review focuses on the assembly behavior of the graphene based on the colloid chemistry and the interface engineering. The graphene based multi-dimensional assemblies, from the 0D graphene based nanoparticles and the 1D fibers to the macro flexible 2D films and the 3D monoliths, are discussed in this review. The possibility of creating novel graphene assemblies is explored.