塌陷地复垦土壤特性变异研究

采用野外取样结合室内分析的方法，研究兖州矿区采煤塌陷地土壤特性，以及矸石复垦和就地取土复垦地复垦5年的土壤特性变化。结果表明：采空区地表塌陷引起的附加坡度是土壤退化的主要原因；从5年的复垦效果来看，复垦可有效改变土壤退化趋势，且就地取土复垦土地土壤特性优于矸石复垦土地；两种复垦耕地还存在着影响土壤生产力发挥的不利因素。建议通过增旆有机肥、种植绿肥增加土壤有机质含量，以及采取适宜的农业措施可有效促进土壤各肥力要素的形成，提升土壤肥力水平、恢复土壤生产力。

Variability of reclaimed soil properties in subsided land

Soil properties of subsided land and changes in reclaimed soil properties by filling with the waste rock and the soil after five reclaimed-years are studied in the paper.The studying results show that 1) Additional gradient caused by the subsidence of surface in exhausted area is the main cause for soil degradation;2) Land reclamation can effectively alter the trend of soil degradation and the effect of the two methods on reclamation is different: the reclamation with soil in the spot is obviously superior to that with waste rock;3) There are some negative factors in the reclaimed soil restricting soil productivity.It is suggested that using organic fertilizer,planting green manure could increase content of soil organic matter,and that taking suitable agricultural measure could promote the formation of soil fertility together,generally upgrading the level of soil fertility and renew soil production.