Biotransformation of Chloro-Substituted Indoles to Indigoids by Phenol Hydroxylase from Arthrobacter sp. W1 |
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| Authors: | Shengnan Shi Fang Ma Tieheng Sun Ang Li Jiti Zhou Yuanyuan Qu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
2. Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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| Abstract: | Recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing phenol hydroxylase (designated as strain PHIND) were used to synthesize chloro-substituted indigoids by the transformation of indoles. The optimal conditions for the biotransformation of 4- and 7-chloroindole were determined by response surface methodology. Biotransformation kinetic assays revealed that strain PHIND showed high catalytic efficiency for 4- and 7-chloroindole. The formation rate of 7,7′-dichloroindigo (1.35 unit/mg cell dry weight) by strain PHIND was 1.14-fold higher than that of 4,4′-dichloroindigo. The intermediates of 7-chloroindole biotransformation were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy, and the biotransformation mechanism was also proposed. These results suggested that there was a potential application of strain PHIND in the biotransformation of chloro-substituted indoles to valuable indigoids. |
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