用于活体人眼视网膜观察的自适应光学成像系统

利用自适应光学技术，研制了两套活体人眼视网膜高分辨力成像系统，在实时校正人眼波前误差的基础上，实现活体人眼视网膜细胞尺度的高分辨力成像。这两套系统分别采用19和37单元小型压电变形反射镜作为波前校正元件，哈特曼-夏克(Hartmann-Shack)波前传感器测量波前误差，用眼底反射的半导体激光作为波前探测的信标。在用计算机控制自适应光学系统实现人眼波前误差校正后，触发闪光灯照明视网膜，用CCD相机记录视网膜的高分辨力图像。校正后的残余波前误差的均方根值已分别小于1／6和1／10波长，相当于视网膜上成像分辨力分别为3．4μm和2．6μm，接近衍射极限。试验表明37单元系统的成像质量更好。

A Small Adaptive Optical Imaging System for Cells of Living Human Retina

By using adaptive optics technology, two sets of high-resolution imaging systems for living human retina have been developed. High-resolution imaging of living human retina in scale of cell is realized. In these systems, two novel types of 19- and 37-element small PZT deformable mirrors are used as wavefront correctors respectively, wavefront errors are measured by Hartman-Shack wavefront sensors, light of diode laser reflected from the eye retina is used as the beacon for wavefront sensing, After the wavefront error of human eye has been corrected by the adaptive optics system under the control of a computer, a flash lamp is triggered to illuminate the retina, the high resolution images are captured by a CCD camera. The residual errors are less than λ/6 and λ/10 respectively. The corresponding resolutions at retina are 3.4 μm and 2.6 μm respectively, approaching the diffraction limit. Experiments show that the resolution of the 37-element system is better than the 19-element system.