碳纳米管改性聚苯硫醚熔纺纤维的结构与性能研究

将多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)和聚苯硫醚(PPS)经过熔融挤出后制备成复合材料切片,并采用熔融纺丝法制得碳纳米管改性聚苯硫醚复合纤维.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)、动态机械分析(DMA)以及力学性能测试等表征手段研究了复合纤维中碳管的分散状态,与基体的界面作用,复合纤维的结晶性能以及力学性能,从而探讨了聚苯硫醚/碳纳米管复合纤维体系的微观结构与宏观性能之间的关系.研究表明,聚苯硫醚分子结构与碳纳米管之间具有的π-π共轭作用使碳管较为均匀的分散在基体中,界面结合较为紧密.同时熔融纺丝过程中的拉伸作用使碳管进一步解缠并使碳管沿纤维拉伸方向取向.另一方面,拉曼光谱显示拉伸作用有效地增强了界面作用,有利于外界应力的传递.碳管的良好分散以及强的界面作用使复合纤维力学性能得到大幅度的提高,当碳管含量达到5 wt%时,复合纤维的模量有了明显的提高,拉伸强度较纯PPS纤维提高了近220%.

EFFECT OF MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MELT-SPUN PPS FIBERS

Poly(p-phenylene sulfide)(PPS) and multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) were melt blended into composites which were melt spun into PPS/MWCNT composite fibers.The dispersion state of MWCNTs in polymer matrix,interfacial interaction between MWCNTs and polymer matrix,crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of composite fibers were carefully investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Raman spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA) and tensile properties testing.And the relationship between microscopic structures and macroscopic properties was explored.The experimental results show that good dispersions as well as well-bonded interfaces between polymer matrix and MWCNTs were obtained in the composite fiber due to the π-π stacking interactions between PPS and MWCNTs.The well-dispersed MMCNTs showed an efficient nucleation ability for PPS matrix.The stretching during melt spinning was benefit for disaggregation of MWCNTs in PPS matrix and orientation of MWCNTs along the stretching direction.As evidenced by Raman spectra,stretching during melt spinning promoted the interfacial π-π stacking interaction effectively and realized the interfacial enhancement in composites.,finally resulting in a great improvements of mechanical properties of fibers.When the content of MWCNTs increased to 5 wt%,the storage modulus was greatly improved and the tensile strength of fibers was increased by 220% compared with that of pure PPS fibers.