蚕腺体内和再生丝素蛋白水溶液的性能研究

用偏光显微镜观察了蚕腺体内和再生丝素蛋白水溶液的流动状态和各向异性现象，用乌氏粘度计测试了其流出时间，并用HAKKE流变仪测试了其粘度。结果发现蚕腺体内和再生丝素蛋白水溶液的性质差别非常大，认为丝素蛋白水溶液在蚕腺体内存在一个逐步熟成的过程。随着丝素蛋白水溶液在腺体内的前移，丝素蛋白分子逐渐沿移动方向取向而呈有序态，最终成为粘度非常大的各向异性的凝胶体，而再生丝素蛋白水溶液是粘度非常低的各向同性溶液。这些差异表明，丝素蛋白水溶液在蚕腺体内的熟成过程是蚕能够吐出优良蚕丝的关键步骤，要想制备出高性能的纤维，在“仿生纺丝”之前，首先要“仿生制备纺丝液”。

Study on the Properties of the Regenerated Silk Fibroin Aqueous Solution and in Vivo

In this paper, the flow behavior and flow out time of the regenerated silk fibroin aqueous solution and in vivo were studied, and their viscosities and anisotropic properties were measured by HAKKE rheometer and polarized light microscopy, respectively. The results show that the structure and properties of these two kinds of solutions are different. There is a mature process with silk fibroin descending down the gland and the structure of silk fibroin changes gradually, and forms a high viscous gel with some oriented structure finally. On the other hand, the regenerated silk fibroin aqueous solution is a homogeneous solution with low viscosity. This means that a biomimetic process for making spinning solution should he adopted before biomimetic spinning. It is the oriented gel that make silkworm spin silk easily with the lowest energy. That is to say, the mature process is the key factor that silkworm can spin silk with excellent properties. In order to get a high performance artificial silk, it is necessary to make the regenerated silk fibroin aqueous solution which have the same properties and structure as those of silk fibroin solution in vivo.