Thermal-diffusion and diffusion-thermo effects on combined heat and mass transfer by hydromagnetic three-dimensional free convection over a permeable stretching surface with radiation

The thermal-diffusion and diffusion-thermo effects on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of free convection past a continuously stretching permeable surface in the presence of magnetic field, blowing/suction and radiation are studied. The fluid viscosity is assumed to vary with temperature. The resulting, governing three-dimensional equations are transformed using a similarity transformation and then solved numerically by the shooting method. Comparison with previously published work is performed and full agreement is obtained. A parametric study showing the effects of variable viscosity parameter β, magnetic parameter M, Dufour number Df, Soret number Sr, radiation parameter R and blowing/suction parameter f₀ on the velocity, temperature, and concentration field of a hydrogen-air mixture as a non-chemical reacting fluid pair, as well as the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, and the local Sherwood number is carried out. These are illustrated graphically and in tabular form to depict special features of the solutions.