分子动力学研究F1-ATP合酶对三磷酸腺苷的稳定和定位作用

F₁-ATP合酶通过与ATP之间建立广泛的相互作用,实现对ATP的位置进行精确的定位.这些相互作用为ATP的合成/水解创造了稳定的环境.理解这些相互作用是理解ATP的合成/水解机理的基础.我们通过分子动力学模拟方法研究这些相互作用,找出在稳定化过程中起到重要作用的残基.通过检测ATP和F₁-ATP合酶之间的非键相互作用,发现残基段158-164所形成的loop区域及残基R189, Y345对ATP存在显著相互作用.其中,该loop区域对ATP的三磷酸部分形成一个半包围结构,封闭活性位点区域,并通过氢键网络约束ATP三磷酸的运动,为ATP合成/水解创造稳定的环境.此外,关键残基Y345通过π-π叠加相互作用对ATP的碱基进行约束,但是ATP的碱基可以在平行于Y345芳香环的平面内进行滑动,我们推断这种滑动运动有利于促进ATP的水解.

F1-ATPase Stabilizes and Positions Adenosine Triphosphate Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

F₁-ATPase makes extensive interactions with ATP through forming a network of interactions around ATP. These interactions create a steady environment for ATP synthesis/hydrolysis. Thus understanding these interactions between ATP and F₁-ATPase is essential for understanding ATP synthesis/hydrolysis mechanism. We performed all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to elucidate these interactions and attempted to identify key residues which play important roles in stabilizing and positioning ATP. By examining the non-bonded energies between ATP and residues of βTP subunit in F₁-ATPase, it is found that residues 158-164, R189, Y345 have significant interactions with ATP. The loop segment (residues 158-164) and R189 surround ATP by a half and they interact with β and γ phosphates through forming a network of hydrogen bonds to constraint the motion of ATP triphosphate. The interaction network seals off the conformation of the catalytic site, creating a steady environment for ATP synthesis/hydrolysis. Additionally, ATP base is positioned by the π-π stacking interaction from Y345. However, ATP base can slide and move paralleling to the aromatic group of Y345. It is deduced that this motion may facilitate ATP hydrolysis.