Y掺杂的ZnO纳米纤维材料的制备及其气敏传感器作用机理

采用静电纺丝法成功制备了Y掺杂的ZnO纳米纤维.并通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),能量色散X射线(EDX),透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及热重差热分析(TG-DTA)等手段对样品的结构和形貌进行了表征分析.同时用纯的ZnO和Y掺杂的ZnO纳米纤维制备了传感器,对浓度为(1-200)×10^-6 (体积分数)丙酮的气敏特性进行了测试分析.测试结果表明,可以通过简单控制纳米纤维中Y的含量,来微调该传感器的气敏特性.同时也发现通过Y掺杂, ZnO纳米纤维对丙酮的气敏特性有所改善,表现出很高的响应.纯ZnO和Y掺杂ZnO制成的传感器对几种潜在干扰气体表现出良好的选择性,比如氨气、苯、甲醛、甲苯以及甲醇.本文最后也讨论了该传感器的气敏作用机理.

Preparation of Y-Doped ZnO Nanofibers and Sensing Mechanism of the Gas Sensors

Y-doped ZnO nanofibers were synthesized by an electrospinning method. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The sensitivity of the pure and Y-doped ZnO nanofibers towards acetone from 1×10^-6 to 200×10^-6 (volume fraction) was investigated. Fine tuning of the sensing ability of the ZnO nanofibres was possible by controlling the amount of Y loaded in the nanofibers. The ZnO nanofibers doped with Y exhibited very high responses towards acetone. Both the pure and Y-doped ZnO sensors showed selectivity towards several potential interferent gases, including ammonia, benzene, formaldehyde, toluene, and methanol. The sensing mechanism is discussed.