MnSAPO-34分子筛的制备、表征及其NH3-SCR活性

采用水热合成方法制备含锰的SAPO-34分子筛(MnSAPO-34)催化剂,考察了锰投加量、焙烧温度及晶化时间对催化剂氨选择性催化还原(SCR)氮氧化物反应活性的影响,并通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、程序升温还原(TPR)、程序升温脱附(TPD)等多种分析手段对催化剂进行表征.活性测试结果表明,当MnO与P₂O₅的摩尔比n_(MnO)/n_(P2O5)= 0.1,采用6 h晶化时间, 550 ℃焙烧制备的MnSAPO-34分子筛具有最佳SCR活性, NO_x转化率接近100%, N₂选择性高于80%.分析结果表明, Mn的引入对分子筛的晶体及多孔结构有较大影响,过多的引入会降低结晶度及产生非骨架锰氧化物,同时还会降低分子筛的比表面积和孔容,但焙烧温度的降低以及晶化时间的缩短可以提高分子筛的比表面积和孔容.高温焙烧后分子筛表面出现了高氧化态锰物种,以Mn⁴⁺为主,而提高Mn³⁺的比例则有利于提高催化活性.在适当的合成条件下, Mn的引入可增强分子筛对NO和NH₃分子的吸附,而强吸附态NO及强吸附态NH₃的相互作用可能是催化活性快速提高的原因.

Synthesis,Characterization and NH3-SCR Activity of MnSAPO-34 Molecular Sieves

A series of MnSAPO-34 molecular sieves were synthesized by a hydrothermal method for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH₃ and characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Three factors were studied, including Mn-loading, calcination temperature, and synthesis time. The MnSAPO-34, which was synthesized in 6 h and calcined at 550 ℃ with the Mn-loading (n_(MnO)/n_(P2O5)= 0.1), exhibits the highest activity among all the samples, with NO_x conversion of almost 100% and N₂ selectivity higher than 80%. The results show that the porous and crystalline structures of MnSAPO-34 are greatly affected by addition of manganese, and excessive Mn-loading could result in lower crystallinity and the generation of nonframework manganese oxides. Meanwhile, a decrease in specific surface area and pore volume are observed in MnSAPO-34 with higher Mn-loading; however, the opposite characteristics are observed with a decreasing calcination temperature and shorter synthesis time. Manganese species of high oxidation state, mostly Mn⁴⁺, are shown to be on the catalysts surface after high temperature calcination, and the increase ratio of Mn³⁺ could help to improve the catalytic activity. Under proper synthesis conditions, the incorporation of manganese could improve the adsorption of nitric oxide and ammonia, and the interaction between the strongly adsorbed NO and strongly adsorbed NH₃ might be the reason for the enhancement in their catalytic efficiency.