A Practical Guide for the Determination of Binding Constants

When working in the field ofhost–guest chemistry, the binding constants have to bedetermined on many occasions. Here is a detaileddocument of how to determine the binding constantswhich covers both the basic principle and thepractical issue: a practical experimental guideline,a representative method for the determination ofstoichiometry and for the evaluation of a complexconcentration, precautions to be taken on setting upconcentration conditions of the titration experiment,practical data-treatment methods and estimation ofstatistical errors. This document is described indetail using the basic level of mathematics,statistics, and programs of spreadsheet software.Especially, the titration experiments by means ofUV-visible and NMR spectroscopy are carried out anddescribed.