铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷的高压电活性研究进展

以Pb(Zr1–xTix)O3(PZT)为代表的铅基压电陶瓷因为具有良好的压电性能和机电耦合性能已被广泛应用于科技、工业、军事以及日常生活中.但是,PZT基陶瓷中Pb的含量超过了60%(质量比),在生产、使用及废弃处理过程中都会给人类生态环境造成严重损害.因此,发展无铅压电陶瓷已成为世界压电陶瓷研究的热点之一.铌酸钾钠(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3(KNN)无铅压电陶瓷因为具有较为优异的压电性能以及较高的居里温度,被认为是最可能取代铅基压电陶瓷的材料体系之一.经过研究者们的努力工作,改性后的KNN基无铅压电陶瓷压电性能已经接近或超过了某些铅基压电陶瓷的性能.本文综合介绍了具有高压电活性的KNN基无铅压电陶瓷国内外的研究进展,重点阐述了高性能铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷制备工艺及相关理论基础的研究进展,并就今后铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷研究发展的方向及前景提出建议.

Research progress of high piezoelectric activity of potassium sodium niobate based lead-free ceramics

Due to excellent piezoelectric properties and electromechanical coupling properties,lead-based piezoelectric ceramics represented by lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zrx Ti1–x)O3(PZT)are widely used in science and technology,industry,military and daily life.However,the content of Pb in PZT-based ceramics exceeds 60%(mass ratio),which will cause serious damage to human ecological environment in the process of their production,use and waste treatment.Therefore,the development of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics has become one of the hot research spots.Potassium sodium niobate(K0.5 Na0.5)NbO3(KNN)lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are considered as one of the most promising material systems to substitute for lead-based piezoelectric ceramics because of their good piezoelectric properties and higher Curie temperature.Through many years of researches,the piezoelectric properties of modified KNN based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have approached to or even exceeded those of some lead-based piezoelectric ceramics.Combining with our relevant work,we comprehensively review the research progress of high piezoelectric activity of KNN based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics,especially focus on the research progress of high-performance potassium sodium niobate lead-free piezoelectric ceramics,preparation technology and related theoretical mechanisms.The future research direction and prospect of KNN-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are also presented.