线性引力论的引力磁分量及其磁效应

根据广义相对论,弱场近似条件下引力场中不仅含有经典的牛顿引力场,还存在一种类比于磁场概念的引力“磁”场,引力磁场的命名借用了电动力学中磁场的概念.为了研究引力磁场的物理性质和它引发的一些关联效应,本文首先从线性爱因斯坦方程出发,利用相似变换的方法从方程的二级张量场中分解出了引力的“磁”分量并定义了引力磁场;在此基础上考虑了一种通有匀速流体的环状微管模型,通过电动力学的分析方法研究了远离微管区域的引力磁场分布特征,重点在计算过程中改进了以往对这类环状模型引力磁场的计算方法,表明了这类模型的引力磁场远场分布模式与磁偶极子磁场的远场分布类似;之后利用类磁场的性质研究了引力磁场的动力学特征,首次研究了测试粒子在线性时变引力磁场及余弦时变引力磁场中的运动规律,同时通过设计一种具有双层结构且通有加速流动流体的环状微管模型改进了前人对时变引力磁场中引力感应、惯性系拖曳现象的研究办法,从更清晰的角度用更简单的数学通过引力电磁理论研究和展示了引力感应现象和广义相对论中的惯性系拖曳现象.全文为引力磁场及其关联效应的研究提供了一些新的方法和思路.

The gravitational magnetic component and its magnetic effects in linearized theory of gravity

According to the General Relativity(GR),under the approximation of the weak field,the weak gravitational field not only contains the classical Newtonian gravitational field,but also contains a gravitomagnetic(GM)field analogous to the concept of magnetic field,and the name of GM field borrows the basic idea of the magnetic field in electrodynamics.In order to study the physical properties of GM field and its associated effects,firstly,we use a similarity transformation method to decompose the gravitomagnetic component from the second-order tensor field in linearized Einstein field equation and define the concept of the GM field.Then,on this basis,we consider a circular microtube model with uniform velocity fluids(or superfluids),and study the distribution characteristics of the far GM field by this special model.We use a simpler approximation approach to improve the previous calculation method of the GM field in these kind of rings model,the result shows that the distribution characteristic of the far GM field in this model is analogous to the magnetic field produced by a dipole,it is a good correspondence between this microtube model and the dipole model.After that,we have studied the dynamic characteristics of GM field by analogizing the properties of magnetic field,and studied the test particles’tracks in the linear time-varying GM field and the cosine timevarying GM field in the first time.In addition,in order to improve the previous research methods of‘gravitational induction’and‘frame dragging’in the GR,we have designed a circular microtube model which has a double-layer structure and with the accelerating flow fluid(or superfluids),we use simpler mathematics than before to explain these two effects by this special model.In conclusion,this work provides some new methods for the study of GM field and its associated effects.